Post by Mea on Dec 16, 2015 3:02:14 GMT
To meet a diagnosis of Borderline Personality Disorder under the DSM-V, you must show “a pervasive pattern of instability of interpersonal relationships, self-image, and affects, and marked impulsivity, beginning in early adulthood and present in a variety of contexts, as indicated by five (or more) of the following”:
Alternate DSM-V Model for Borderline Personality Disorders
Typical features of borderline personality disorder are instability of self-image, personal goals, interpersonal relationships, and affects, accompanied by impulsivity, risk-taking, and/or volatility. Characteristic difficulties are apparent in identity, self-direction, empathy, and/or intimacy, as described below, along with specific maladaptive traits in the domain of Negative Affectivity, Antagonism, and Disinhibition.
Proposed Diagnostic Criteria
A. Moderate or greater impairment in personality functioning, manifested by characteristic difficulties in two or more of the following areas:
B. Four or more of the following seven pathological personality traits, at least one of which must be (5) Impulsivity, (6) Risk-taking, or (7) Hostility:
- Frantic efforts to avoid real or imagined abandonment
- A pattern of unstable and intense interpersonal relationships characterized by alternating between extremes of idealization and devaluation
- Identity disturbance: markedly and persistently unstable self-image or sense of self
- Impulsivity in at least two areas that are potentially self-damaging (e.g., substance abuse, binge eating, and reckless driving)
- Recurrent suicidal behavior, gestures, or threats, or self-mutilating behavior
- Affective instability due to a marked reactivity of mood (e.g., intense episodic dysphoria, irritability, or anxiety usually lasting a few hours and only rarely more than a few days)
- Chronic feelings of emptiness
- Inappropriate, intense anger or difficulty controlling anger (e.g., frequent displays of temper, constant anger, recurrent physical fights)
- Transient, stress-related paranoid ideation or severe dissociative symptoms
Alternate DSM-V Model for Borderline Personality Disorders
Typical features of borderline personality disorder are instability of self-image, personal goals, interpersonal relationships, and affects, accompanied by impulsivity, risk-taking, and/or volatility. Characteristic difficulties are apparent in identity, self-direction, empathy, and/or intimacy, as described below, along with specific maladaptive traits in the domain of Negative Affectivity, Antagonism, and Disinhibition.
Proposed Diagnostic Criteria
A. Moderate or greater impairment in personality functioning, manifested by characteristic difficulties in two or more of the following areas:
- Identity: Markedly impoverished, poorly developed, or unstable self-image, often associated with excessive self-criticism; chronic feelings of emptiness; dissociative states under stress.
- Self-direction: Instability in goals, aspirations, values, or career plans.
- Empathy: Compromised ability to recognize the feelings and needs of others associated with interpersonal hypersensitivity; perceptions of others selectively biased towards negative attributes or vulnerabilities.
- Intimacy: Intense, unstabled, and conflicted close relationships, marked by mistrust, neediness, and anxious preoccupation with real or imagined abandonment; close relationships often viewed in extremes of idealization and devaluation and alternating between over-involvement and withdrawal.
B. Four or more of the following seven pathological personality traits, at least one of which must be (5) Impulsivity, (6) Risk-taking, or (7) Hostility:
- Emotional lability (an aspect of Negative Affectivity): Unstable emotional experiences and frequent mood changes; emotions that are easily aroused, intense, and/or out of proportion to events and circumstances.
- Anxiousness (an aspect of Negative Affectivity): Intense feelings of nervousness, tenseness, or panic, often in reaction to interpersonal stresses; worry about the negative effects of past unpleasant experiences and future negative possibilities; feelings fearful, apprehensive, or threatened by uncertainty; fears of falling apart of losing control.
- Separation insecurity (an aspect of Negative Affectivity): Fears of rejection by–and/or separation from–significant others, associated with fears of excessive dependency and complete loss of autonomy.
- Depressivity (an aspect of Negative Affectivity): Frequent feelings of being down, miserable, and/or hopeless; difficulty recovering from such moods; pessimism about the future; pervasive shame; feelings of inferior self-worth; thoughts of suicide and suicidal behavior.
- Impulsivity (an aspect of Disinhibition): Acting on the spur of the moment in response to immediate stimuli; acting on a momentary basis without a plan or consideration of outcomes; difficult establishing or following plans; a sense of urgency and self-harming behavior under emotional distress.
- Risk-taking (an aspect of Disinhibition): Engagement in dangerous, risky, and potentially self-damaging activities, unnecessarily and without regard to consequences; lack of concern for one’s limitations and denial of reality or personal danger.
- Hostility (an aspect of Antagonism); Persistent or frequent angry feelings; anger or irritability in response to minor slights and insults.